Best Diet For Ulcerative Colitis Flare – Medications are often the first line of defense when it comes to treating inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as ulcerative colitis (UC), but medications are expensive and can have serious side effects. Furthermore, according to a February 2016 publication in
Showing that what you eat can also play an important role in managing symptoms. A diet rich in peeled fruits, cooked low-fiber vegetables, lean meats, and fish can help protect some people from UC symptoms.
Best Diet For Ulcerative Colitis Flare
Even for people without IBD, a healthy diet is key to maintaining a stable gastrointestinal tract. “Good nutrition provides the body with the nutrients it needs to fight disease, inflammation and promote a healthy immune system,” says Connie Diekman, a St. Louis-based food and nutrition consultant. Diekman emphasized that while UC is not caused by diet, the right foods can help manage symptoms.
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Cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, cabbage, and kale contain many nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, and fiber, which are important for anyone, but especially those with UC. Unfortunately, these foods can be difficult to digest.
“Cruciferous vegetables are often difficult foods for people to eat, especially when IBD is more out of control,” Diekman said. These vegetables contain carbohydrate chains called raffinose, which humans don’t have the enzymes needed to break them down; meaning it passes through the stomach and small intestine undigested. These foods are known to cause excess gas, which can exacerbate symptoms in people with UC.
Instead, choose vegetables like sweet potatoes, squash, zucchini and asparagus, which are easier to digest. Always remember to peel and cook vegetables — steaming preserves the most nutrients and reduces excess fat, which can also cause irritation.
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According to the Crohn’s and Colitis Center at Brigham and Women’s Health, fermented foods such as kefir, kombucha and sauerkraut contain live probiotics, considered beneficial bacteria, that can help some people with digestive issues. “Probiotic foods add good bacteria to the digestive tract, which can improve overall health,” says Kelly Kennedy, RDN, an everyday health nutritionist.
Live probiotics in the gut can also help regulate the immune system. Because UC is an autoimmune disease, people with the disease may benefit from additional immune support.
Fermented foods are great on their own—like kombucha—or as a side to any healthy dish, like kimchi with rice.
“Spices such as ginger and turmeric may help combat the nausea and inflammation associated with digestive disorders such as UC,” says Kennedy, noting that more research is needed to determine the amount and best way to administer these benefits. As a rule of thumb, stay away from supplements. Concentrated ginger supplements may cause heartburn, diarrhea, or gas. Instead, try adding ginger and turmeric to soups or stir-fries. As with all dietary changes, it is best to consult your physician before adding ginger and turmeric to your diet.
Ulcerative Colitis Diet: Foods, Supplements & Natural Remedies
Scientists have yet to reach a consensus on whether eating red meat has any effect on people with UC, but the nutrients in fish may be beneficial. Eating foods such as fatty fish, which are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, may help reduce inflammation associated with UC, Diekman said.
Omega-3 fatty acids are important nutrients your body uses to make cells and hormones that regulate blood clotting. While some research suggests that omega-3 fatty acids are anti-inflammatory, more research is needed to prove their benefits. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), omega-3 fatty acids, like probiotics, also support the immune system.
Unlike other fats, the body cannot make this good fat itself from other sources. Instead, you must get it from foods, including fish such as salmon, herring, sardines, rainbow trout, and mackerel—just don’t fry fillets, as fatty or greasy foods can exacerbate UC symptoms.
Remember, too, that it’s especially important to make sure you’re getting enough protein in the immediate aftermath of an attack to replace any lost nutrients and reduce your risk of anemia.
Five Keys To A Proper Diet If You Have Ulcerative Colitis
Because everyone’s body is different, there is no one-size-fits-all UC diet. “Work closely with a registered dietitian to design a diet that’s right for you,” advises Dickman. It’s also good to keep track of what you eat in a food diary. This makes it easier to determine which ingredients are triggering your symptoms.
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If you have ulcerative colitis, you probably already know which foods can make your flare-ups worse. But figuring out what to include in your diet is just as important, because the right foods will provide you with key nutrients without making your symptoms worse.
Most experts recommend that you limit your fiber intake during an ulcerative colitis flare-up. A general rule is to replace high-fiber foods with more easily digestible foods, such as nuts, seeds, raw fruits and vegetables. Here are eight foods to eat during an ulcerative colitis flare-up, and why they can help.
Diet For Crohn’s Disease & Ulcerative Colitis
1. Applesauce: Since your gastrointestinal system can be a lot irritated during an attack, you may want to stick to soft, digestible foods like applesauce. Just be sure to choose the unsweetened variety, as added sugar can cause more inflammation. You can also make your own sugar-free applesauce by cooking peeled and sliced apples with some water and pureeing the mixture.
2. Ripe bananas and canned fruit: Very ripe, soft bananas are usually well tolerated, although nutritionists generally recommend avoiding raw fruit during an outbreak. Bananas are also a good source of carbohydrates, which provide energy along with protein and fat. Plus, soft fruits like canned pears or peaches may not be irritating, says Shannon Szeles, RDN, York, Pa.
3. Cooked vegetables: Soft, cooked vegetables like carrots and spinach provide important nutrients like vitamins A and K. Just make sure the veggies are cooked thoroughly — until they’re mashable with a fork, says Szeles — so any potentially irritating fibers are broken down.
4. Probiotics: If you’re not lactose intolerant, yogurt can provide you with some protein and probiotics, live bacteria that may help your digestive system. Be sure to buy yogurt that says active cultures on the label, says Szeles. Avoid yogurt with chunks of fruit, which can be difficult to digest. “It’s fine if the yogurt has soft, seedless fruit mixed in,” adds Szeles. If you are lactose intolerant, probiotic supplements are also an option.
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5. Salmon: People with ulcerative colitis and lactose intolerance, or just want to get more protein in their diet, add salmon to the foods you eat during flare-ups. In addition to being a great source of protein, salmon also contains healthy omega-3 fatty acids, which help reduce inflammation. If salmon isn’t your thing, you can eat tuna, shrimp, or other fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids.
Neilanjan Nandi, MD, a gastroenterologist and assistant professor at Drexel University School of Medicine in Philadelphia, recommends baking, grilling, or sautéing salmon instead of frying them. “Frying fish loses a lot of its nutritional value,” he says.
6. Nut butters: Peanut butter, almond butter, cashew butter, and other nut butters are another source of protein and healthy fats. Opt for creamy peanut butter over chunky ones to avoid digesting hard-to-digest chunks of nuts, which can cause further irritation during a flare. Try eating peanut butter with bread or wrapping it in a tortilla, Dr. Nandi suggests. Another good option is to spread nut butter on low-fiber crackers, such as soda crackers.
7. White rice with turmeric: If you can’t tolerate most foods during an ulcerative colitis flare-up, you may want to stick to bland options, such as cooked white rice. For extra flavor, try topping it with turmeric, a yellow spice whose main ingredient, curcumin, has been shown to have some benefits in treating ulcerative colitis.
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A meta-analysis published in November 2019 in the Annals of Gastroenterology found that taking curcumin along with an anti-inflammatory drug was better for treating ulcerative colitis than taking the anti-inflammatory drug alone.
Arun Swaminath, MD, director of the inflammatory bowel disease program at Lenox Hill Hospital in Nuremberg, said turmeric is widely used in India, where rates of inflammatory bowel disease are lower than in the U.S. or Europe
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