Foods Good For Type 2 Diabetes Diet – Effects of a Four-Week Dietary Intervention with 8-Hour Restricted Eating on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults
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Foods Good For Type 2 Diabetes Diet
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Plant Based Diet May Lower Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes
By Tatjana Milinkovic 1, 2, *, Nadika Buzinska 3, Joro Makot 4, Jelica Bejic-Makot 5, Dario Rahelic 6, 7, 8, Zelija Velija Asmi 9, 10 and Ezra Borkovic 11, 12
Received: 23 March 2021 / Revised: 11 April 2021 / Accepted: 13 April 2021 / Published: 15 April 2021
For the past 80 years, the impact of the Mediterranean diet on general health has been a continuing topic of interest among medical and scientific researchers. In parallel with the continuous global increase in the number of cases of type 2 diabetes, several studies conducted over the past 20 years have shown the benefits of a Mediterranean lifestyle for people who have type 2 diabetes mellitus or are at risk of developing it. However, despite the abundance of evidence, there are concerns among scientists about the reliability of information related to this topic. This review provides an overview of the origins of the Mediterranean diet and traces its significant impact on the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. There is a steady increase in the number of cases of type 2 diabetes in the Balkan Peninsula and especially in North Macedonia. Considering that North Macedonia, as well as most of the Balkan countries, are low- and middle-income, there is a need for a specific cost-effective dietary pattern to reduce the incidence of diabetes and improve glycemic control. is We conducted a review based on the available literature on the Mediterranean diet and its effects on glycemic control, lipid profile and metabolic outcomes in people with or at risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
It is now well known that people with diabetes suffer from chronic micro- and macrovascular complications that affect their quality of life. In addition, people with diabetes have reduced life expectancy [1] and double the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment [2, 3, 4]. Previous studies have also shown that individuals with diabetes have an increased likelihood of developing certain types of cancer [1, 5, 6].
Healthy Plant Based Foods May Prevent Development Of Type 2 Diabetes
Treatment of type 2 diabetes has improved in quality and quantity over the past two decades. Pharmacological approaches have evolved significantly; Therefore, doctors have different options of applicable drugs. As maintained by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) 2020 Diabetes Guidelines, the treatment of type 2 diabetes includes specific criteria regarding the expected effect of treatment, potential side effects, cost and impact on body weight in addition to the specific individual patient. are Factors such as cardiovascular risk, microvascular complications, and patient preferences [7]. In recent years, the use of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors has rapidly increased. found However, despite this important pharmacological development, the ADA’s Diabetes 2020 medical care standards include a separate section that focuses on lifestyle behaviors that promote diabetes and, consequently, overall health [7 , 8, 9]. The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS) was one of the first controlled, randomized studies to demonstrate that type 2 diabetes is preventable with lifestyle intervention [7]. A 58% reduction in diabetes was found compared to the control group [10]. Furthermore, these results were supported by the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), which showed similar risk reduction in addition to better outcomes than metformin treatment [11]. These studies have shown that type 2 diabetes is largely preventable and treatable through behavioral changes and modifications. At the moment, lifestyle changes remain the healthiest and theoretically easiest recommendations, however, making healthy lifestyle and nutritional choices can be difficult for people with type 2 diabetes.
The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) has classified individuals who are overweight or obese, with an unhealthy diet, lifestyle, and/or a family history of diabetes as a risk category for type 2 diabetes mellitus. You have strong potential. [12]. An unhealthy lifestyle clearly contributes to the development of diabetes. Thus, the next logical step in the management of incurable disease is to take preventive measures in addition to providing treatment in the early stages [13]. Healthy and effective lifestyle changes, including habit management, regular physical activity, and mental stability, are recommended for diabetic patients to achieve treatment goals [8, 9].
Many patients who are newly diagnosed with diabetes face difficulties in choosing their next diet. Some ask for a general recommendation and become concerned when they realize that there is no general solution that is suitable for all patients. Although there is no single diet solution for every patient, there is a general consensus among physicians that an individual diet plan based on a specific type of diet can result in significant reductions in glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) [ 14, 15]. In the last decade, many studies have focused on the benefits of certain foods in relation to diabetes [16, 17, 18]. However, more research is needed on lifestyle-related benefits for diabetes prevention [16].
The Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Study with the Mediterranean Diet (PREDIMED) study finally started a revolution by providing important evidence of the healthiness of a particular dietary pattern [19], in addition to showing that certain types of food can metabolically Make a positive impact. However, the study was retracted due to certain techniques and protocols, which provided an opportunity for those who doubted the results of the study to express their concerns. However, after it was republished, the PREDIMED study made a significant contribution to modern medicine [19]. This study showed that among those assigned to a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts, the rate of major cardiovascular events was lower, compared to a group with a more popular low-fat diet. . In addition, PREDIMED showed that a Mediterranean diet with nuts helped 13.7% of people with metabolic syndrome to reverse their condition [19]. In addition to these data, for the first time, the PREDIMED study strongly indicated that the Mediterranean diet reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes by 52% in patients who did not have diabetes at the beginning of the study [20, 21 , 22]. Due to the extent of PREDIMED’s influence in medical circles, the search for a suitable dietary pattern for diabetes began after the publication of this study.
Type 1 Diabetes And Nutrition
The “diet” world can cause many people to give up before they even start. In popular culture, the word diet is associated with the elimination of entire food groups such as carbohydrates, fats, or dairy products. Alternatively, it can also mean strict calorie restrictions. The popular Mediterranean diet is more than a strict eating plan, it should be adopted as a way of life [23]. It encourages seasonal cooking, freshly cooked foods, and the use of extra virgin olive oil. The Mediterranean lifestyle encourages people to socialize with each other, and enjoy healthy and fresh food, as opposed to eating quick frozen meals prepared in the microwave, just in front of the TV. The inhabitants of the Mediterranean region have followed the Mediterranean diet and lifestyle for hundreds of years. The Mediterranean diet philosophy consists of eating more whole grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts, whole grains, and fish. To make it more accessible, the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid was introduced in 1993 [24]. It seems that this presentation continues, while guiding millions of people around the world. The food pyramid has undergone several changes [25], although it remains close to the original diagram (Figure 1). The popularity of the Mediterranean diet seems to have grown steadily in both pop
