Keto Diet For Diabetes Type 1 – Foods that are high in carbohydrates, including lots of fruits and even whole grains, will not work on the restrictive keto diet. Thinkstock
You’ve probably seen dozens of headlines about the keto diet by now. Called keto for short, it has made its way into popular culture largely via celebrities and supermodels giving the long-standing fad diet a repeat stamp of approval. Is the ketogenic diet the plan to follow if you have diabetes?
Keto Diet For Diabetes Type 1
To be sure, diet is risky for people with type 1 diabetes, but in terms of managing type 2 diabetes, several studies suggest the answer is not so simple. Some science shows that the ketogenic meal plan can be helpful, while other research, such as a study published in September 2016 in
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, highlights the importance of whole grains in the diets of people with diabetes, a healthy but restricted food category in the ketogenic diet.
While the ketogenic diet can offer many potential benefits for diabetes management, following it requires some pretty serious commitment. So take a moment before you take the plunge and consider these questions that can help you and your medical team determine if it’s right for you.
There’s a good reason why the ketogenic diet is also known as a low-carb, high-fat diet. Following the ketogenic diet means reducing intake to less than 50 grams (g) of carbohydrates per day while increasing fat intake and moderating protein intake, according to a review published in July 2021 in
To put that in perspective, a person on the average unrestricted diet can easily eat more carbohydrates than that in a typical meal. For example, a turkey, cheese, and vegetable sandwich on whole wheat bread with a 1-ounce bag of classic fries has about 52 g of carbohydrates. Changes to the ketogenic diet lower insulin levels, which eventually pushes your body into a state of ketosis, during which it burns fat instead of carbohydrates, according to the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
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Here’s how the keto diet can help if you’re managing type 2 diabetes: “With higher protein and fat intake, people may feel less hungry and can often lose weight since protein and fat take longer to eat.” digested than carbohydrates. says Lori Zanini, RD, CDCES, based in Manhattan Beach, Calif., author of Eat What You Love Diabetes Cookbook
Suggests that a low-carb diet like keto may help a person with diabetes go into remission, which is defined as having an A1C test result of less than 6.5 percent or fasting glucose of less than 7.0 mmol/L , with or without the use of diabetes medication (A1C shows a three-month average of blood sugar levels). That remission is not extremely likely, and it is not clear if it is permanent; long-term dieting is usually required to maintain remission.
The diet can also help lower triglycerides and can help with weight loss, which is a benefit for people with diabetes, who are at increased risk of heart disease.
Additionally, a ketogenic diet can be 3 times more effective for weight loss than a low-fat diet, which is important because losing as little as 5-10% of your body weight can offer health benefits such as improving cholesterol, blood pressure and blood sugar. control, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Long-term weight maintenance with diet changes and exercise can only increase the benefits you’ll see.
But while ketogenic diets can be effective for weight loss, they are no more effective than other diets when followed long-term and combined with caloric intake, according to the
Additionally, another review found that a keto diet can help improve cholesterol levels and fasting blood sugar levels.
Suggests that people with type 2 diabetes who take oral blood sugar-lowering medications may be at increased risk of hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, when on a ketogenic diet.
Diabetes And The Ketogenic Diet
A ketogenic diet could cause other unpleasant effects, such as bad breath, dizziness, nausea, headache, fatigue, confusion, excessive thirst and hunger, fast heartbeat, fever, and chills. He too
The review reveals possible elevations in LDL cholesterol when following a low-carbohydrate diet, as well as a possible increased risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease. And the pregnant women in the review were more likely to have a child with a neural tube defect when they were on a ketogenic diet.
Overall, the study findings on the potential benefits and risks of the ketogenic diet for diabetes are mixed. More studies are needed before scientists understand the long-term implications of the eating plan for this group.
What is certain is that this diet is not for you if you have kidney disease; one reason is that you want to limit protein in that case, says Zanini.
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Also be careful on the ketogenic diet if you have type 1 diabetes. Ketones, which are produced by the body during ketosis, are a risk factor for diabetic ketoacidosis, which is more common in people with type 1 diabetes than in people with type 1 diabetes. type 2 diabetes, according to the American Diabetes Association.
Also, anyone with a personal history of heart disease should be careful on the ketogenic diet. Cholesterol levels tend to rise during the initial stages of the diet, which could increase the risk of heart disease, according to Harvard Health Publishing.
Yo-yo dieting, which can easily happen with a restrictive diet like keto, can also put a strain on the heart, increasing the risk of stroke and heart attack, according to a large study published in October 2018 in
Lastly, if you have a history of battling an eating disorder, work with your doctor to determine if this is the right diet for you. Despite what you may have read online, the ketogenic diet and a personal history of binge eating disorder don’t mix. In fact, “Due to the strict carbohydrate limits imposed by the ketogenic diet, the risks of binge eating, compulsive overeating, and other eating disorders are much higher,” says White.
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Some clinics have introduced therapeutic ketogenic programs for their patients with type 2 diabetes. The Cleveland Clinic has one, and Virta Health, which offers a ketogenic diet and lifestyle program via telemedicine, has sponsored research showing that Using online support can help people with type 2 diabetes lose weight, lower their A1C, and get off diabetes medications. with more success than the diet recommended by the American Diabetes Association. The study was published in February 2018 in
You’ll also find heat-and-eat keto meals that you can order online at Factor. Sign up and get a complimentary session with a registered dietitian.
Above all, if you are interested in trying the ketogenic diet for diabetes management, talk with your diabetes medical team, including your endocrinologist and a registered dietitian who is also a certified diabetes care and education specialist, before trying this plan. of feeding. Start the diet slowly, gradually reducing carbs, Zanini recommends. Drastic reductions could lead to hypoglycemia, especially if you take oral diabetes medications or insulin.
Check your blood sugar and ketone levels regularly to prevent serious side effects. “Doing this is very important to avoid CAD,” says Sylvia White, RD, CDCES, who works in a private practice in Memphis, Tennessee. “Warning signs of DKA include consistently high blood sugar, high ketone levels, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting and frequent urination, and complications can lead to diabetic coma.”
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Eat a balance of nutrients (all those important vitamins, minerals, fiber, and more), as well as the right amount of calories and keto-friendly healthy fats. “Healthy fats include monounsaturated and omega-3 fats, which can help reduce inflammation in the body and improve cholesterol levels,” says White. Look for fatty fish like salmon for omega-3s and avocado, almonds, peanut butter and sunflower seeds for monounsaturated fats.
If you’re not sure what to look for, ask your dietitian. “While this sounds so simple, often people are just thinking about what not to eat,” says Zanini. “They don’t pay attention to the nutritious foods they should be including, like non-starchy vegetables, healthy monounsaturated fats, lean protein, and more.” Don’t have a dietician? You can find one who is a certified diabetes educator through the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics’ “Find a Nutrition Expert” tool.
“Simply put, it’s not easy to only eat 20 to 60g of carbs per day, which is the amount of carbs allowed on the keto diet,” says Zanini. “To follow this strict guideline, people must not only change the food they eat, but their entire lifestyle.”
Foods that are a typical part of the American diet, such as sandwiches, hamburgers, and shakes, will not fit easily into the eating plan, and foods considered staples of a balanced diet, such as sweet potatoes and whole wheat bread, may need be limited. These changes can be difficult to implement, even for people who have already started eating healthier diets. Tracking what you eat can help. You can do this with a written food journal or through various apps on your smartphone.
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However, you cannot take days off the diet. You must stick with the diet if you want to see the benefits; otherwise, you’re really just eating a high-fat diet.
If you and your health care team determine that the ketogenic diet is safe for you, follow this handy beginner’s guide to the ketogenic diet. When in doubt, keep in mind that you’ll want to avoid
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